AST-1553 Remove IDG from Ubuntu 20 build; Add Ubuntu 24 build

• Since IDG no longer supports Ubuntu 20 (it uses CMake 3.17, while Ubuntu 20 has CMake 3.16), remove it from the Ubuntu 20 CI build.
• Add a basic Ubuntu 24 build on CI.

docker/ubuntu_22_04_base

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ FROM ubuntu:22.04
 # ENV IDG_VERSION=0.8
 ENV EVERYBEAM_VERSION=v0.5.8
 ENV IDG_VERSION=6b61c038883ad3f807d20047c4f9e1a1f0b8d98a
-ENV AOFLAGGER_VERSION=65d5fba4f4c12797386d3fd9cd76734956a8b233
+ENV AOFLAGGER_VERSION=b1256de90b00a5a83477274390decd6671cdcd38
 
 RUN export DEBIAN_FRONTEND="noninteractive" && \
 	apt-get update && \